Ubume besitulo esinamavili
Izitulo ezinamavili eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya iinxalenye ezine: isakhelo sesitulo esinamavili, amavili, isixhobo sokuqhobosha kunye nesitulo. Njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo, imisebenzi yecandelo ngalinye eliphambili lesitulo esinamavili ichazwe.
Amavili amakhulu: thwala ubunzima obuphambili, ububanzi bevili yi-51.56.61.66cm, njl. Ngaphandle kwamavili ambalwa aqinileyo afunwa yimeko yokusetyenziswa, abanye basebenzisa amathayi we-pneumatic.
Ivili elincinci: Kukho iidiameter ezininzi ezifana ne-12.15.18.20cm. Amavili amancinci edayamitha akwenza kube lula ukuthetha-thethana imiqobo emincinci kunye neekhaphethi ezikhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ububanzi bukhulu kakhulu, isithuba esithathwe sisitulo esinamavili siphela siba sikhulu, okwenza intshukumo iphazamise. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ivili elincinane liza ngaphambi kwevili elikhulu, kodwa kwizitulo ezinamavili ezisetyenziswa ngabantu abakhubazekileyo amalungu angaphantsi, ivili elincinane lidla ngokubekwa emva kwevili elikhulu. Ngexesha lokusebenza, ingqwalasela kufuneka ihlawulwe ekuqinisekiseni ukuba icala levili elincinane lixhomekeke kwivili elikhulu, ngaphandle koko liya kuthi gqi ngokulula.
Umphetho wevili: Ikhethekile kwizitulo ezinamavili, idiameter ngokuqhelekileyo yi-5cm encinci kunerim yevili enkulu.Xa i-hemiplegia iqhutywa ngesandla esinye, yongeza enye enobubanzi obuncinci bokukhetha.Ivili levili lityhala ngokuthe ngqo sisigulana. Ukuba umsebenzi awulungile, unokuguqulwa ngeendlela ezilandelayo ukwenza kube lula ukuqhuba:
- Yongeza irabha kumphezulu we-handwheel rim ukwandisa ukukhuhlana.
- Yongeza amaqhosha okutyhala kwisangqa sevili lesandla
- Tyhila iKnobhu ngokuthe tye. Isetyenziselwa ukulimala komgogodla weC5. Ngeli xesha, i-biceps brachii yomelele, izandla zibekwe kwi-push knob, kwaye inqwelo inokuqhutyelwa phambili ngokugoba iingqiniba. Ukuba akukho qhina lokutyhala elithe tye, alinakutyhala.
- I-vertical push knob.Isetyenziswa xa kukho intshukumo elinganiselweyo yegxalaba kunye namalungu esandla ngenxa ye-rheumatoid arthritis.Kuba i-horizontal push knob ayikwazi ukusetyenziswa ngeli xesha.
- Ibhold push knob.Isetyenziselwa izigulane ezishukumayo zeminwe zilinganiselwe kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukwenza inqindi. Ikwafanelekile kwizigulane ezine-osteoarthritis, isifo senhliziyo okanye izigulane ezikhulileyo.
Amatayara: Kukho iintlobo ezintathu: i-slid, i-inflatable, i-tube yangaphakathi kunye ne-tubeless.Uhlobo oluqinileyo luhamba ngokukhawuleza kumhlaba osicaba kwaye akulula ukuqhuma kwaye kulula ukuyityhala, kodwa ingcangcazela kakhulu kwiindlela ezingalinganiyo kwaye kunzima ukuyikhupha xa ibambekile. kumjelo obanzi njengetayara; amatayara angaphakathi avuthekayo kunzima ukuwatyhala kwaye kulula ukuwagqobhoza, kodwa angcangcazele ngaphezu kwamatayara aqinileyo amancinane; hlala ngenxa yokuba ityhubhu engenazibhobho ayiyi kugqobhoza kwaye ifakwe ngaphakathi, kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukuyityhala kunohlobo oluqinileyo.
Iziqhoboshi: Amavili amakhulu kufuneka abe neziqhoboshi kwivili ngalinye. Kakade ke, xa umntu one-hemiplegic ekwazi ukusebenzisa isandla esinye kuphela, kufuneka asebenzise isandla esinye ukuze aphule, kodwa unokufaka intonga yokwandisa ukuze usebenze iibhuleki kumacala omabini.
Kukho iindidi ezimbini zeziqhoboshi:
I-Notch brake. Le brake ikhuselekile kwaye ithembekile, kodwa inzima kakhulu. Emva kohlengahlengiso, inokugqabhuka kumathambeka. Ukuba ilungelelaniswe kwinqanaba loku-1 kwaye ayikwazi ukuqhawulwa kumhlaba osicaba, ayisebenzi.
Guqula isiqhoboshi.Usebenzisa umgaqo we-lever, iqhoboza ngokudibanisa amalunga amaninzi,Iinzuzo zayo zobuchwephesha zomelele kuneziqhoboshi zenotshi, kodwa zisilela ngokukhawuleza.Ukuze kwandiswe amandla okunyathela isigulana, intonga yokwandisa isoloko idityaniswa kwibhuleki. Nangona kunjalo, le ntonga yonakaliswa lula kwaye inokuchaphazela ukhuseleko ukuba ayijongwa rhoqo.
Isihlalo:Ubude, ubunzulu, kunye nobubanzi buxhomekeke kwimilo yomzimba wesigulana, kunye nobume bezinto ezibonakalayo buxhomekeke kwisifo. Ngokubanzi, ubunzulu buyi-41,43cm, ububanzi yi-40,46cm, kunye nokuphakama yi-45,50cm.
Isitulo umqamelo:Ukunqanda izilonda zoxinzelelo, nikela ingqalelo kakhulu kwiipads zakho. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, sebenzisa i-eggcrate okanye i-Roto pads, ezenziwe kwiqhekeza elikhulu leplastiki.Iqulunqwe inani elikhulu leentsika zeplastiki ze-papillary kunye nobubanzi obumalunga ne-5cm. Ikholamu nganye ithambile kwaye kulula ukuyihambisa. Emva kokuba isigulane sihleli phezu kwayo, indawo yoxinzelelo iya kuba yinani elikhulu lamanqaku oxinzelelo.Ngaphezu koko, ukuba isigulane sihamba kancane, indawo yoxinzelelo iya kutshintsha kunye nokuhamba kwengono, ukwenzela ukuba indawo yoxinzelelo ingatshintshwa ngokuqhubekayo ukuze ugweme uxinzelelo. izilonda ezibangelwa uxinzelelo rhoqo kwindawo echaphazelekayo.Ukuba akukho cushion ngasentla, kufuneka usebenzise i-foam eleleyo, ubukhulu bayo kufuneka bube yi-10cm. Umaleko ongaphezulu kufuneka ube yi-0.5cm engqindilili ye-polychloroformate foam, kwaye umaleko osezantsi kufuneka ube yiplastiki enoxinano oluphakathi kwindalo efanayo. Ezinoxinano oluphezulu zixhasa, ngelixa ezinoxinano oluphakathi zithambile kwaye zikhululekile. Uxinzelelo kwi-tubercle ye-ischial inkulu kakhulu, ngokuphindaphindiweyo idlula i-1-16 amaxesha oxinzelelo olufutshane lwe-capillary oluqhelekileyo, oluxhomekeke kwi-ischemia kunye nokwakhiwa kwezilonda zoxinzelelo. ukuphepha uxinzelelo olunzima apha, kaninzi ukumba isiqwenga kwi-pad ehambelanayo ukuvumela ukuba isakhiwo se-ischial siphakanyiswe. Xa ukumba, umphambili kufuneka ube yi-2.5cm phambi kwe-ischial tubercle, kwaye icala kufuneka libe ngu-2.5cm ngaphandle kwe-ischial tubercle. Ubunzulu Malunga ne-7.5cm, i-pad izakubonakala imile okwecave emva kokugrunjwa, inenotshi emlonyeni. Ukuba iphedi ekhankanywe ngasentla isetyenziswe ngokusikwa, inokusebenza kakhulu ekuthinteleni ukwenzeka kwezilonda zoxinzelelo.
Unyawo kunye nomlenze uphumle: Ukuphumla komlenze kunokuba luhlobo olunqamlezileyo okanye uhlobo lwamacala amabini. Kuzo zombini ezi ntlobo zenkxaso, kukulungele ukusebenzisa enye ekwazi ukugungqa kwelinye icala kwaye ikhutshwe.Ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekuphakameni kweenyawo zokuphumla.Ukuba inkxaso yeenyawo iphezulu kakhulu, i-angle ye-hip flexion iya kuba inkulu kakhulu, kwaye ubunzima obuninzi buya kufakwa kwi-tuberosity ye-ischial, enokubangela lula izilonda zoxinzelelo apho.
I-Backrest:I-backrest yahlulwe yaba phezulu kwaye iphantsi, i-tiltable kunye ne-non-tiltable. Ukuba isigulane sinokulinganisela okulungileyo kunye nokulawula phezu kwe-trunk, i-wheelchair ene-backrest ephantsi ingasetyenziselwa ukuvumela isigulane ukuba sibe noluhlu olukhulu lokunyakaza. Ngaphandle koko, khetha isitulo esinamavili esingasemva.
Iingalo okanye izixhaso zehip: Ngokuqhelekileyo i-22.5-25cm iphakamileyo kunomphezulu wesihlalo sesitulo, kwaye ezinye izixhaso ze-hip zinokuhlengahlengisa ubude. Ungaphinda ubeke ibhodi ye-lap kwinkxaso ye-hip yokufunda kunye nokutya.
Ukukhetha isitulo esinamavili
Eyona ngqwalasela ibalulekileyo xa ukhetha isitulo esinamavili bubukhulu besitulo esinamavili.Ezona ndawo ziphambili apho abantu abasebenzisa isitulo esinamavili bathwala ubunzima bajikeleze ischial tuberosity yeempundu, malunga nefemur kunye nokujikeleze i-scapula.Ubungakanani besitulo esinamavili, ngakumbi ububanzi isihlalo, ubunzulu besihlalo, ukuphakama kwe-backrest, kunye nokuba umgama ukusuka kwindawo yeenyawo ukuya kwi-cushion yesitulo ufanelekile, kuya kuchaphazela ukujikeleza kwegazi kweso sihlalo apho. umkhweli ubeka uxinzelelo, kwaye kunokukhokelela kwi-skin abrasion kunye nezilonda zoxinzelelo.Ukongezelela, ukhuseleko lomguli, amandla okusebenza, ubunzima besitulo esinamavili, indawo yokusetyenziswa, ukubonakala kunye neminye imiba kufuneka iqwalaselwe.
Imiba ekufuneka uyiqaphele xa ukhetha:
Ububanzi besihlalo:Linganisa umgama phakathi kweempundu okanye umqolo xa uhleli phantsi. Yongeza i-5cm, oko kukuthi, kuya kubakho isithuba se-2.5cm kumacala omabini emva kokuhlala phantsi.Isihlalo sincinci kakhulu, okwenza kube nzima ukungena nokuphuma kwisitulo esinamavili, kwaye iimpundu kunye nezicubu zethanga zixinzelelwe;Ukuba isihlalo Ibanzi kakhulu, kuya kuba nzima ukuhlala ngokuqinileyo, kuya kuba nzima ukulawula isitulo esinamavili, amalungu akho aya kudinwa lula, kwaye kuya kuba nzima ukungena kwaye ngaphandle komnyango.
Ubude besihlalo:Linganisa umgama othe tye ukusuka kwi-hip yangasemva ukuya kwi-gastrocnemius muscle yethole xa uhleli phantsi.Thatha i-6.5cm ukusuka kumlinganiselo.Ukuba isihlalo sifutshane kakhulu, ubunzima buya kuwela kakhulu kwi-ischium, enokubangela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo indawo yendawo; Ukuba isihlalo side kakhulu, siya kucinezela i-popliteal fossa, ichaphazele ukujikeleza kwegazi lendawo, kwaye icaphukise ngokulula ulusu kule ndawo. amathanga okanye izigulane ezine-hip okanye i-knee flexion contractures, kungcono ukusebenzisa isihlalo esifutshane.
Ubude besihlalo:Linganisa umgama ukusuka kwisithende (okanye isithende) kwi-popliteal fossa xa uhleli phantsi, kwaye ungeze i-4cm. Xa ubeka i-footrest, ibhodi kufuneka ibe yi-5cm ubuncinane ukusuka emhlabeni. Ukuba isihlalo siphakame kakhulu, isitulo esinamavili asikwazi ukungena etafileni; ukuba isihlalo siphantsi kakhulu, Amathambo ahlala athwala ubunzima obuninzi.
Umqamelo:Ukwenzela intuthuzelo nokuthintela izilonda zokulala, iicushion kufuneka zibekwe kwizihlalo zezitulo ezinamavili.Imiqamelo yesitulo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya imiqamelo yerabha enogwebu (ubude obuyi-5-10 cm) okanye imiqamelo yejeli. Ukuthintela isihlalo ukuba singabikho, i-plywood eyi-0.6 cm engqindilili inokufakwa phantsi kwe-cushion yokuhlala.
Isihlalo ngasemva ukuphakama: Ukuphakama kwesihlalo ngasemva, ukuzinza ngakumbi, umva ophantsi, ukunyakaza okukhulu komzimba ophezulu kunye nemilenze ephezulu.
I-Low backrest:Linganisa umgama ukusuka kwindawo ehleliyo ukuya kwikhwapha (ngengalo enye okanye zombini zolulelwe phambili), kwaye uthabathe i-10cm kwesi siphumo.
Isitulo esiphakamileyo ngasemva: Linganisa ubude bokwenyani ukusuka kwindawo ehleliyo ukuya kumagxa okanye ngasemva.
Ukuphakama kweArmrestXa uhleli phantsi, iingalo zakho ezingaphezulu zithe nkqo kwaye iingalo zakho zangaphambili zithe tyaba kwi-armrests, linganisa ubude ukusuka kwindawo yesitulo ukuya kumda osezantsi weengalo zakho, yongeza i-2.5cm. umzimba ophezulu ukuba ubekwe kwindawo ekhululekile.Iingalo zokuphumla ziphezulu kakhulu kwaye iingalo eziphezulu zinyanzeliswa ukuba ziphakame, zenze ukuba zithande ukudinwa. Ukuba i-armrest iphantsi kakhulu, kuya kufuneka uncike kumzimba wakho ongaphezulu ukuze ugcine ibhalansi, enokuthi ithintele ukukhathala kodwa inokuchaphazela ukuphefumla.
Ezinye izincedisi zezitulo ezinamavili:Yenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zezigulane ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nokwandisa i-friction surface ye-handle, ukwandisa i-carriage, izixhobo ezichasene ne-shock, ukufaka izixhaso ze-hip kwi-armrests, okanye iitafile ze-wheelchair ukwenzela ukuba izigulane zidle kwaye zibhale, njl. .
Ukugcinwa kwesitulo esinamavili
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa isitulo esinamavili kwaye kwisithuba senyanga enye, jonga ukuba iibholiti zikhululekile na. Ukuba zikhululekile, ziqinise ngexesha.Ukusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, yenza uhlolo rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintathu ukuqinisekisa ukuba onke amacandelo akwimeko efanelekileyo. Jonga amandongomane awomeleleyo kwisitulo esinamavili (ingakumbi amandongomane angatshintshiyo e-asi yesondo yangasemva). Ukuba zifunyenwe zikhululekile, kufuneka zilungiswe kwaye ziqiniswe ngexesha.
Ukuba isitulo esinamavili sidibana nemvula ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kufuneka sosule kwangethuba. Izitulo ezinamavili kusetyenziso oluqhelekileyo nazo kufuneka zosulwe rhoqo ngelaphu elomileyo elithambileyo kwaye ziqatywe ngewax enqanda umhlwa ukugcina isitulo esinamavili siqaqambile kwaye sihle ixesha elide.
Jonga rhoqo intshukumo, ukuguquguquka kwendlela ejikelezayo, kunye nokusebenzisa i-lubricant. Ukuba ngesizathu esithile i-axle ye-24-intshi yevili kufuneka isuswe, qiniseka ukuba i-nut iqinisiwe kwaye ayikhululekanga xa ufaka kwakhona.
Iibholithi zokudibanisa zesitulo sesitulo esinamavili zikhululekile kwaye akufuneki ziqiniswe.
Ukuhlelwa kwezitulo ezinamavili
Isitulo esinamavili jikelele
Njengoko igama libonisa, sisitulo esinamavili esithengiswa ziivenkile zezixhobo zonyango ngokubanzi. Imalunga nokumila kwesitulo. Inamavili amane, ivili elingasemva likhulu, kwaye kongezwa nevili lokutyhala ngesandla. Ibhuleki nayo yongezwa kwivili elingasemva. Ivili langaphambili lincinci, lisetyenziselwa ukuqhuba. Isitulo esinamavili ndizakongeza i-tipper ngasemva.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, izitulo ezinamavili zikhaphukhaphu ngokwentelekiso kwaye zinokusongwa zize zibekwe kude.
Ifanelekile kubantu abaneemeko eziqhelekileyo okanye ubunzima bokuhamba kwexesha elifutshane. Ayifanelekanga ukuhlala ixesha elide.
Ngokubhekiselele kwizinto eziphathekayo, inokwahlulwa ibe: umbhobho wentsimbi yokubhaka (ubunzima beekhilogram ezingama-40-50), umbhobho wensimbi we-electroplating (ubunzima beekhilogram ezingama-40-50), ingxubevange ye-aluminium (ubunzima beekhilogram ezingama-20-30), i-aerospace aluminium ingxubevange (ubunzima be-15) -30 catties), i-aluminium-magnesium alloy (ubunzima phakathi kwe-15-30 catties)
Isitulo esinamavili esikhethekileyo
Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yesigulane, kukho izixhobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nomthamo womthwalo oqiniweyo, izihlalo ezikhethekileyo zokuhlala okanye i-backrests, iinkqubo zokuxhasa intamo, imilenze ehlengahlengiswayo, iitafile zokutya ezikhutshwayo kunye nokunye.
Ekubeni kubizwa ngokuba yi-special-made, ixabiso ngokuqinisekileyo lihluke kakhulu. Ngokumalunga nokusetyenziswa, nayo iyinkathazo ngenxa yezixhobo ezininzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa abantu abanemilenze enzima okanye enzima okanye i-torso deformation.
Isitulo esinamavili sombane
Sisitulo esinamavili esinenjini yombane
Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela yokulawula, kukho i-rockers, iintloko, ukuvuthela kunye neenkqubo zokufunxa, kunye nezinye iintlobo zokutshintsha.
Kwabo ekugqibeleni bakhubazeke kakhulu okanye kufuneka bahambe umgama omkhulu, ukuba nje amandla abo okuqonda alungile, ukusebenzisa isitulo esinamavili sombane kulukhetho oluhle, kodwa kufuna indawo enkulu yokuhamba.
Izitulo ezinamavili ezikhethekileyo (ezemidlalo).
Isitulo esinamavili esilungiselelwe ngokukodwa esisetyenziselwa imidlalo yokuzonwabisa okanye ukhuphiswano.
Ezona ziqhelekileyo ziquka umdyarho okanye ibhola yomnyazi, kwaye ezo zisetyenziselwa ukudanisa nazo zixhaphake kakhulu.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukukhaphukhaphu kunye nokuqina ziimpawu, kunye nezixhobo ezininzi ze-high-tech zisetyenziswa.
Ubungakanani bokusetyenziswa kunye neempawu zezihlalo ezinamavili ezahlukeneyo
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezitulo ezinamavili kwimarike okwangoku. Zinokwahlulwa zibe yi-aluminium alloys, izinto ezilula kunye nentsimbi ngokwezinto eziphathekayo. Ngokomzekelo, zinokwahlulwa zibe zizihlalo zabakhubazekileyo eziqhelekileyo kunye nezihlalo zabakhubazekileyo ezikhethekileyo ngokohlobo.Ii-wheelchairs ezikhethekileyo zinokwahlulwa zibe: i-leisure sports wheelchair series, i-electronic wheelchair series, i-wheelchair system yesihlalo, njl njl.
Isitulo esinamavili esiqhelekileyo
Ikakhulu yenziwe ngefreyim yesitulo esinamavili, amavili, iziqhoboshi kunye nezinye izixhobo
Ubungakanani besicelo:
Abantu abanokukhubazeka kwemilenze engezantsi, i-hemiplegia, i-paraplegia ngaphantsi kwesifuba kunye nabantu abadala abanokuhamba okulinganiselwe
Iimbonakalo:
- Izigulane zinokusebenzisa iindawo zokumisa iingalo ezisisigxina okanye ezisuswayo ngokwazo
- Unyawo oluzinzileyo okanye olususekayo
- Inokusongwa ukuze iphathwe xa uphuma okanye xa ungasetyenziswa
Ngokweemodeli ezahlukeneyo kunye namaxabiso, zahlulwe zibe:
Isihlalo esiqinileyo, isitulo esithambileyo, amatayara omoya okanye amatayara aqinileyo.Phakathi kwazo: izitulo ezinamavili ezineengalo ezisisigxina kunye neepedali zonyawo ezizinzileyo zingabizi kakhulu.
Isitulo esinamavili esikhethekileyo
Esona sizathu sikukuba inemisebenzi epheleleyo. Ayisosixhobo sokushukuma kuphela sabantu abakhubazekileyo kunye nabantu abanokuhamba okulinganiselweyo, kodwa baneminye imisebenzi.
Ubungakanani besicelo:
Abakhubazekileyo abaphezulu kunye nabantu abadala, ababuthathaka nabagulayo
Iimbonakalo:
- Umva wesitulo esinamavili sokuhamba uphakame njengentloko yomkhweli, uneendawo zokumisa iingalo ezisuswayo kunye neepedali zeenyawo ezijijwayo. Iipedals zinokunyuswa kwaye zithotywe kwaye zijikeleze i-90 degrees, kwaye i-bracket inokulungiswa kwindawo ethe tye.
- I-angle ye-backrest ingalungiswa kumacandelo okanye ngokuqhubekayo kuyo nayiphi na inqanaba (elilingana nombhede). Umsebenzisi unokuphumla kwisitulo esinamavili, kwaye indawo yokubeka intloko nayo inokususwa.
Isitulo esinamavili sombane
Ubungakanani besicelo:
Ukusetyenziswa ngabantu abane-paraplegia ephezulu okanye i-hemiplegia abanamandla okulawula ngesandla esinye.
Isitulo esinamavili sombane sisebenza ngebhetri kwaye sinokunyamezela malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-20 ngentlawulo enye. Ngaba inesixhobo sokulawula isandla esinye.Iyakwazi ukuya phambili, ngasemva kwaye ijike. Ingasetyenziswa ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ixabiso liphezulu ngokwentelekiso.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-09-2024