Izixhobo ezincedisayo, njengenxalenye eyimfuneko yobomi bemihla ngemihla yabahlobo abakhubazekileyo, zizisa uncedo oluninzi kunye nokunceda ebomini.
Iziseko zesitulo esinamavili
Ingqiqo yesitulo esinamavili
Isitulo esinamavili sisitulo esinamavili anokunceda kunye nokuthatha indawo yokuhamba. Yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuthutha abonzakeleyo, abagulayo, nabakhubazekileyo ukuba babuyele ekhaya, bahanjiswe ngeenxa zonke, babone ugqirha, kwaye baphume baye kwimisebenzi.
Indima yesitulo esinamavili
Izihlalo ezinamavili azihlangabezani kuphela neemfuno zokuthutha abantu abakhubazekileyo ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nabanokuhamba okulinganiselweyo, kodwa kubaluleke ngakumbi, zenza kube lula kumalungu entsapho ukuba ahambe kunye nokunyamekela izigulane, ukuvumela izigulane ukuba zisebenzise kwaye zithathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yentlalontle ngoncedo lwezihlalo zabakhubazekileyo.
Ubungakanani besitulo esinamavili
Isitulo esinamavili senziwe ngamavili amakhulu, amavili amancinci, amavili esandla, amavili, iziqhoboshi, izitulo kunye nezinye iindawo ezinkulu nezincinci. Ngenxa yokuba abantu abasebenzisa isitulo esinamavili bafuna imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, ubukhulu bezitulo ezinamavili nabo bahlukile. Ngokwemilo eyahlukeneyo yomzimba yabantu abadala nabantwana, bohlulwe ngokwezitulo ezinamavili zabantwana kunye nezitulo zabaguli. Kodwa ngokusisiseko, ububanzi bubonke besitulo esinamavili esiqhelekileyo yi-65cm, ubude bubonke yi-104cm, kwaye ukuphakama kwesihlalo yi-51cm.
Ukukhetha i-wheelchair yinto enzima kakhulu, kodwa ukwenzela ukuba kube lula kunye nokhuseleko lokusetyenziswa, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha isitulo esinamavili esifanelekileyo. Xa uthenga isitulo esinamavili, nikela ingqalelo kumlinganiselo wobubanzi besitulo. Obona bubanzi bungcono ngumgama phakathi kweempundu okanye amathanga amabini xa umsebenzisi ehlala phantsi kunye ne-5cm, oko kukuthi, kukho isithuba se-2.5cm kwicala ngalinye emva kokuhlala phantsi.
Ubume besitulo esinamavili
Isitulo esinamavili esiqhelekileyo ngokwesiqhelo sinamalungu amane: ifreyimu yesitulo esinamavili, amavili, isixhobo sokuqhobosha kunye nesitulo. Imisebenzi yamalungu aphambili esitulo esinamavili ichazwe ngokufutshane apha ngezantsi.
1.Amavili angasemva: thwala ubunzima obuninzi. Ubukhulu bevili yi-51,56,61,66cm. Ngaphandle kweendawo ezimbalwa zokusetyenziswa ezifuna amatayara aqinileyo, amatayara e-pneumatic asetyenziswa kakhulu.
2.Amavili amancinci: I-diameters yi-12,15,18 kunye ne-20cm. Amavili amakhulu ubukhulu kulula ukuwela imiqobo emincinci kunye neekhaphethi ezikhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-diameter inkulu kakhulu, isithuba esithathwe sisitulo esinamavili siya kwanda, nto leyo eyenza ukuba intshukumo ingahambi kakuhle. Ngokuqhelekileyo, amavili amancinci aphambi kwamavili amakhulu, kodwa kwizitulo ezinamavili ezisetyenziswa ngabantu abane-paraplegia yamalungu asezantsi, amavili amancinci ahlala ejikeleza emva kweevili ezinkulu. Ngexesha lokusebenza, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ulwalathiso lwevili elincinci kufuneka lube perpendicular kwivili elikhulu, ngaphandle koko kulula ukugqithisa.
3.Irim yevili lesandla: yodwa kwizitulo ezinamavili, idiameter incinci nge-5cm kunerim enkulu yevili. Xa i-hemiplegis iqhutywe ngesandla esinye, enye ene-diameter encinci yongezwa ekukhethweni. Iringi yevili lesandla idla ngokutyhala ngokuthe ngqo sisigulana.
4.Amatayara: Kukho iindidi ezintathu: ityhubhu eqinileyo, i-pneumatic kunye ne-tubeless pneumatic. Uhlobo oluqinileyo luhamba ngokukhawuleza kumhlaba othe tyaba kwaye alufane lugqabhuke, lusenza kube lula ukulutyhala, kodwa lungcangcazela kakhulu kwiindlela ezingalinganiyo kwaye kunzima ukulukhupha xa lubambekile kumjelo obanzi njengetayara; Abo banemibhobho yangaphakathi ezaliswe ngumoya kunzima ukuyityhala kwaye kulula ukuyigqobhoza, kodwa ukungcangcazela kungaphantsi kwezo ziqinileyo; Iindidi zeTubeless inflatable zikhululekile ukuhlala kuzo ngenxa yokuba azinayo ityhubhu yangaphakathi kwaye aziyi kugqobhozwa, kwaye zifakwe ngaphakathi, kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukuzityhala kunezo ziqinileyo.
5.IBrake: Amavili amakhulu kufuneka abe neziqhoboshi kwivili ngalinye. Kakade ke, ukuba umkhweli unokusebenzisa isandla esinye kuphela, kufuneka asebenzise isiqhoboshi sesandla esinye, kodwa intonga yokwandisa inokufakwa ukuze kusebenze iziqhoboshi macala omabini.
Zimbini iindidi zeziqhoboshi
Iziqhoboshi ezinophawu
Le brake ikhuselekile kwaye ithembekile, kodwa ifuna umgudu othe kratya. Emva kohlengahlengiso, isithuthi sinokuthi siqhoboke kwithambeka. Ukuba ilungelelaniswe kwinqanaba le-1 kwaye ayikwazi ukuqhekeza kumhlaba osicaba, ithathwa njengento engekho.
Guqula iziqhoboshi
Ukusebenzisa umgaqo we-lever, iibhuleki zisetyenziswe ngokusebenzisa amalunga amaninzi. Inzuzo yayo yomatshini kukuba i-notch type brake yomelele, kodwa iyasilela ngokukhawuleza. Ukuze kwandiswe i-braking force yesigulane, i-extension rod idla ngokufakwa kwi-brake, kodwa le ntonga yonakaliswa lula kwaye iya kuchaphazela ukhuseleko ukuba ayikhangelwa rhoqo.
I-6.Isihlalo: Ubude, ubunzulu kunye nobubanzi bayo buxhomekeke kwimilo yomzimba wesigulane, kunye nokuthungwa kwayo kwezinto kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo. Ngokubanzi, ubunzulu buyi-41,43cm, ububanzi yi-40,46cm, kunye nokuphakama yi-45,50cm.
I-7.Isihlalo se-cushion: Ukuphepha izilonda zoxinzelelo, izihlalo zokuhlala ziyinto eyimfuneko, kwaye ingqwalasela enkulu kufuneka ihlawulwe ekukhethweni kweekhushini.
I-8.I-Foot kunye nokuphumla komlenze: Ukuphumla komlenze kunokuba luhlobo olunqamlezileyo okanye uhlobo lokwahlula. Zombini ezi ntlobo zenkxaso ziyilelwe ukuba zijiwuze ziye kwicala elinye. Kufuneka ubeke ingqalelo ekuphakameni kwe-footrest. Ukuba i-footrest iphezulu kakhulu, i-angle ye-hip flexion iya kuba nkulu kakhulu, kwaye ubunzima obuninzi buya kongezwa kwi-tuberosity ye-ischial, enokuthi ibangele izilonda zoxinzelelo kule ndawo.
I-9.I-Backrest: I-Backrests ingaba phezulu okanye iphantsi kwaye inokuthi ifakwe okanye ingabikho. Ukuba isigulana sinolungelelwano olufanelekileyo kunye nokulawula umboko, isitulo esinamavili esingasemva singasetyenziselwa ukuvumela isigulane ukuba sibe nokuhamba okukhulu. Kungenjalo, kufuneka kusetyenziswe isitulo esinamavili esingasemva.
10.Ii-Armrests: Ngokubanzi, yi-22.5-25cm ephezulu kunomphezulu wesitulo. Ezinye ii-armrests zinokulungiswa ngobude. Ungakwazi nokubeka ukutya kwindawo yokuphumla ukuze ufunde kwaye utye.
Ubungakanani bokusetyenziswa kunye neempawu zezitulo ezinamavili
Zininzi iindidi zezitulo ezinamavili kwimarike. Ngokwezinto eziphathekayo, zinokwahlulwa zibe yi-aluminium alloy, izinto ezilula kunye nentsimbi. Ukuba ngokohlobo, zinokwahlulwa zibe zizitulo ezinamavili eziqhelekileyo kunye nesitulo esinamavili esikhethekileyo. Izitulo ezinamavili ezikhethekileyo zinokwahlulwa zibe: uthotho lwesitulo esinamavili semidlalo yolonwabo, uthotho lwesitulo esinamavili sombane, inkqubo yesitulo esinamavili kwicala lokuhlala, uthotho lwesitulo esinamavili soncedo olumileyo, njl.
Isitulo esinamavili esiqhelekileyo: ikakhulu yenziwe sisihlalo esinamavili, amavili, iziqhoboshi kunye nezinye izixhobo.
Ubungakanani besicelo: abantu abanokukhubazeka kwemilenze ephantsi, i-hemiplegia, i-paraplegia ngaphantsi kwesifuba kunye nabantu abadala abanokuhamba okulinganiselwe.
Iimbonakalo: Izigulana zinokusebenzisa indawo zokumisa ezingaguqukiyo okanye ezinokushenxiswa, indawo zokuphumla ezizinzileyo okanye ezinokushenxiswa ngokwazo, kwaye isixhobo sinokusongwa kwaye sigcinwe xa siqhutywa ngaphandle okanye singasetyenziswa.
Ngokwemodeli kunye nexabiso, inokwahlulwa ibe: isitulo esinzima, isitulo esithambileyo, itayara elinomoya okanye itayara eliqinileyo.
Isitulo esinamavili esikhethekileyo: Inemisebenzi epheleleyo ngokwentelekiso. Akunjalo kuphela indlela yokuthutha abantu abakhubazekileyo kunye nabantu abanokuhamba okulinganiselweyo, kodwa baneminye imisebenzi.
Ukukhetha isitulo esinamavili
Zininzi iindidi zezitulo ezinamavili. Ezona zixhaphakileyo zizitulo ezinamavili jikelele, izitulo ezinamavili ezikhethekileyo, isitulo esinamavili sombane, izitulo ezinamavili ezinenjongo eyodwa(ezemidlalo), kunye nezithuthuthu zokuhamba.
Isitulo esinamavili jikelele: Isitulo esinamavili siphantse safana nesitulo, esinamavili amane. Ivili langemva likhulu, linevili lesandla, iziqhoboshi nazo zongezwa kwivili elingasemva, kwaye ivili langaphambili lincinci, elisetyenziselwa ukuqhuba. Ivili le-anti-tipper yongezwa ngasemva kwesitulo esinamavili.
Ngokubanzi, isitulo esinamavili sikhaphukhaphu kwaye sinokusongwa.
Ifanelekile kubantu abaneemeko eziqhelekileyo okanye iingxaki zokuhamba kwexesha elifutshane, kwaye ayifanelekanga ukuhlala ixesha elide.
Isitulo esinamavili esikhethekileyo: Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yesigulane, kukho izixhobo ezininzi ze-differnet, ezifana nomthamo womthwalo ophuculweyo, i-cushion ekhethekileyo yokuhlala okanye i-backrests, iinkqubo zokuxhasa intamo, imilenze ehlengahlengiswayo, iitafile zokutya ezikhutshwayo, njl.
Isitulo esinamavili sombane: Isitulo esinamavili esinenjini yombane.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela yokulawula, abanye basebenzisa intonga yovuyo, ngelixa abanye basebenzisa iiswitshi ezahlukeneyo ezifana nentloko okanye inkqubo yokuphefumla.
Kwabo bakhubazekileyo kakhulu okanye abafuna ukuhamba umgama omde, ukusebenzisa isitulo esinamavili sombane kulukhetho olulungileyo logama nje isakhono sabo sokuqonda silungile, kodwa kufuna indawo enkulu yokuhamba.
Injongo eyodwa (imidlalo) isitulo esinamavili: Isitulo esinamavili esilungiselelwe ngokukodwa esisetyenziselwa imidlalo yolonwabo okanye ukhuphiswano.
Ezona ziqhelekileyo ngumdyarho okanye ibasketball, kwaye ukudanisa kukwayinto entle kakhulu.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukukhanya kunye nokuqina ziimpawu, kunye nezixhobo ezininzi ze-high-tech zisetyenziswa.
Isithuthi sokuhamba: Uluhlu olubanzi lwezitulo ezinamavili, ezisetyenziswa ngabantu abadala abaninzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo zahlulwe zibe zizithuthi ezinamavili amathathu kunye nezine ezine, eziqhutywa yimoto yombane, kunye nomda wesantya se-15km / h, kwaye ihlelwe ngokomthamo womthwalo.
Ukugcinwa kwesitulo esinamavili
- Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa isitulo esinamavili kwaye kwisithuba senyanga enye, jonga ukuba iibholiti zikhululekile na. Ukuba zikhululekile, ziqinise ngexesha. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo, uhlolo kufuneka lwenziwe rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintathu ukuqinisekisa ukuba onke amalungu akwimeko entle. Jonga amandongomane aqinileyo kwisitulo esinamavili (ingakumbi amandongomane okulungisa e-asi yevili yangasemva). Ukuba kukho ukukhululeka okufunyenweyo, lungisa kwaye uziqinise ngexesha.
- Ukuba isitulo esinamavili sichaneke emvuleni ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kufuneka sosule kwangethuba. Isitulo esinamavili esisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka sosulwe rhoqo ngelaphu elomileyo elithambileyo kwaye liqatywe ngewax enqanda umhlwa ukuze isitulo esinamavili sibengezela kwaye sisihle ixesha elide.
- Jonga ukunyakaza kunye nokuguquguquka kwendlela yokujikeleza rhoqo kwaye usebenzise i-lubricant. Ukuba i-axle ye-24-intshi yevili kufuneka isuswe ngesizathu esithile, qiniseka ukuba i-nut iqinisiwe kwaye ayiyi kukhululeka xa uyibuyisela kwakhona.
- Iibholithi zokuqhagamshela kwisihlalo sesitulo esinamavili ziqhagamshelo ezikhululekileyo kwaye akufuneki ziqiniswe.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-19-2025