Izixhobo zokuncedisa, njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yobomi bemihla ngemihla babahlobo abakhubazekileyo, zizisa uncedo olukhulu ebomini.
Iziseko zezihlalo zabakhubazekileyo
Ingcamango yesitulo sabakhubazekileyo
Isitulo esinamavili sisihlalo esinamavili anokunceda kwaye sithathe indawo yokuhamba. Siyindlela ebalulekileyo yokuthutha abantu abenzakeleyo, abagulayo nabakhubazekileyo ukuze baphile ekhaya, bathuthwe, babone ugqirha, baze baphume baye kwimisebenzi.
Indima yesitulo esinamavili
Izitulo ezinamavili azipheleli nje ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno zokuhamba zabantu abakhubazekileyo ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nabo bangakwaziyo ukuhamba kakuhle, kodwa okubaluleke ngakumbi, zenza kube lula kumalungu osapho ukuhamba nokunyamekela izigulana, okuvumela izigulana ukuba zilolonge kwaye zithathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yoluntu ngoncedo lwezitulo ezinamavili.
Ubungakanani besitulo sabakhubazekileyo
Isitulo esinamavili senziwe ngamavili amakhulu, amavili amancinci, amavili esandla, amatayara, iibhuleki, izihlalo kunye nezinye iindawo ezinkulu nezincinci. Ngenxa yokuba abasebenzisi bezitulo ezinamavili bafuna imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, ubungakanani bezitulo ezinamavili nabo bahlukile. Ngokweemilo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba zabantu abadala nabantwana, zahlulwe zibe zizitulo ezinamavili zabantwana kunye nezitulo ezinamavili zabantu abadala. Kodwa ngokusisiseko, ububanzi obupheleleyo besitulo esinamavili esiqhelekileyo yi-65cm, ubude obupheleleyo yi-104cm, kwaye ukuphakama kwesihlalo yi-51cm.
Ukukhetha isitulo esinamavili nako kuyinto enzima kakhulu, kodwa ukuze kube lula kwaye kukhuseleke ukusetyenziswa, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha isitulo esinamavili esifanelekileyo. Xa uthenga isitulo esinamavili, qwalasela ukulinganiswa kobubanzi besihlalo. Ububanzi obuhle bumgama ophakathi kweempundu ezimbini okanye amathanga xa umsebenzisi ehleli phantsi kunye ne-5cm, oko kukuthi, kukho umsantsa we-2.5cm kwicala ngalinye emva kokuhlala phantsi.
Ulwakhiwo lwesitulo esinamavili
Isitulo esiqhelekileyo esinamavili sakhiwe ngamacandelo amane ngokubanzi: ifreyimu yesitulo esinamavili, amavili, isixhobo sokubhuleka kunye nesihlalo. Imisebenzi yezinto eziphambili zesitulo esinamavili ichazwe ngokufutshane apha ngezantsi.
1. Amavili angasemva: athwala uninzi lobunzima. Ububanzi bevili yi-51,56,61,66cm. Ngaphandle kweendawo ezimbalwa zokusetyenziswa ezifuna amavili aqinileyo, amavili asebenzisa umoya asetyenziswa kakhulu.
2. Amavili amancinci: Ububanzi buyi-12, 15, 18 kunye ne-20cm. Amavili amakhulu anobubanzi kulula ukuwanqumla imiqobo emincinci kunye neekhaphethi ezikhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ububanzi bukhulu kakhulu, indawo ehlala isitulo esinamavili sonke iya kwanda, nto leyo eyenza ukuba intshukumo ibe nzima. Ngokwesiqhelo, amavili amancinci aphambi kwamavili amakhulu, kodwa kwizitulo ezinamavili ezisetyenziswa ngabantu abaneengxaki zemilenze esezantsi, amavili amancinci ahlala ehleli emva kwezitulo ezinkulu. Ngexesha lokusebenza, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba icala levili elincinci kufuneka lithe nkqo kwivili elikhulu, kungenjalo kulula ukulijika.
3. I-rim yesondo lesandla: ikhethekileyo kwizihlalo ezinamavili, ububanzi bayo buncinci nge-5cm kune-rim yesondo elikhulu. Xa i-hemiplegis iqhutywa ngesandla esinye, kongezwa enye enobubanzi obuncinci ukuze kukhethwe. I-ring yesondo lesandla idla ngokutyhalwa ngqo sisigulana.
4. Amatayara: Kukho iintlobo ezintathu: ityhubhu eqinileyo, ityhubhu ephefumlayo kunye netyhubhu engenamoya. Uhlobo oluqinileyo luhamba ngokukhawuleza emhlabeni othe tyaba kwaye alunamdla wokuqhuma, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukutyhala, kodwa luyangcangcazela kakhulu kwiindlela ezingalinganiyo kwaye kunzima ukulikhupha xa libambeke kumngxuma obanzi njengetayara; Ezo zinetyhubhu zangaphakathi ezizaliswe ngumoya kunzima ukuzityhala kwaye kulula ukuzibhoboza, kodwa ukungcangcazela kuncinci kunezo ziqinileyo; Iintlobo ezingenamoya ezingenamoya zikhululekile ukuhlala kuzo kuba azinatyhubhu yangaphakathi kwaye aziyi kubhoboza, kwaye zikwafumile ngaphakathi, kodwa kunzima ukuzityhala kunezo ziqinileyo.
5. Iibhrekhi: Amavili amakhulu afanele abe neebhrekhi kwivili ngalinye. Kakade ke, ukuba umkhweli angasebenzisa isandla esinye kuphela, kuya kufuneka asebenzise ibhrekhi yesandla esinye, kodwa intonga yokwandisa ingafakelwa ukuze isebenzise iibhrekhi kumacala omabini.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeebhuleki
Iibhuleki ezichongiweyo
Le bhuleki ikhuselekile kwaye ithembekile, kodwa ifuna umgudu ongakumbi. Emva kokulungiswa, imoto ingabhuleka nakwithambeka. Ukuba ilungiswe kwinqanaba loku-1 kwaye ayinakubhuleka emhlabeni othe tyaba, ithathwa njengengasebenziyo.
Guqula iibhuleki
Ukusebenzisa umgaqo we-lever, iibhuleki zifakwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Inzuzo yayo yendlela yokusebenza kukuba ibhuleki yohlobo lwe-notch inamandla, kodwa iyasilela ngokukhawuleza. Ukuze konyuswe amandla okubhuleka kwesigulana, intonga yokwandisa idla ngokufakwa kwibhuleki, kodwa le ntonga yonakala lula kwaye iya kuchaphazela ukhuseleko ukuba ayijongwa rhoqo.
6. Isihlalo: Ukuphakama, ubunzulu kunye nobubanzi bayo buxhomekeke kwimilo yomzimba wesigulane, kwaye ubume bayo buxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo. Ngokubanzi, ubunzulu buyi-41,43cm, ububanzi buyi-40,46cm, kwaye ukuphakama buyi-45,50cm.
7. Umqamelo wesihlalo: Ukuze kuthintelwe izilonda zoxinzelelo, imiqamelo yesihlalo yinto ebaluleke kakhulu, kwaye kufuneka kuqwalaselwe kakhulu ekukhetheni imiqamelo.
8. Ukuphumla kweenyawo nemilenze: Ukuphumla kwemilenze kungaba luhlobo olunqamlezileyo okanye uhlobo oluqhekekileyo. Zombini ezi ntlobo zenkxaso zenzelwe ukujijela ecaleni. Kufuneka uqaphele ukuphakama kwesithuba seenyawo. Ukuba indawo yokuphumla iphezulu kakhulu, i-engile ye-hip flexion iya kuba nkulu kakhulu, kwaye ubunzima obuninzi buya kongezwa kwi-ischial tuberosity, enokubangela izilonda zoxinzelelo kule ndawo ngokulula.
9. Umqolo: Iindawo zokuphumla zinokuba phezulu okanye phantsi kwaye zinokuthambekela okanye zingathambeki. Ukuba isigulana sinokulinganisela okuhle kunye nolawulo oluhle lomzimba, isitulo esinamavili esisezantsi singasetyenziswa ukuvumela isigulana ukuba sikwazi ukuhambahamba ngakumbi. Ngaphandle koko, kufuneka kusetyenziswe isitulo esinamavili esiphakamileyo.
10. Iindawo zokuxhoma iingalo: Ngokubanzi, iphakame ngama-22.5-25cm kunomphezulu wesihlalo. Ezinye iindawo zokuxhoma iingalo zinokulungiswa ngobude. Ungabeka ukutya kwindawo yokuxhoma iingalo ukuze ufunde kwaye utye.
Ububanzi bokusetyenziswa kunye neempawu zezihlalo zabakhubazekileyo
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezitulo ezinamavili ezithengiswayo. Ngokwezixhobo, zinokwahlulwa zibe yi-aluminium alloy, izinto ezikhaphukhaphu kunye nentsimbi. Ukuba ngokweentlobo zazo, zinokwahlulwa zibe zizitulo ezinamavili eziqhelekileyo kunye nezitulo ezinamavili ezikhethekileyo. Izitulo ezinamavili ezikhethekileyo zinokwahlulwa zibe: uthotho lwezihlalo ezinamavili zezemidlalo zokuzilibazisa, uthotho lwezihlalo ezinamavili ze-elektroniki, inkqubo yezitulo ezinamavili ezisecaleni kwesihlalo, uthotho lwezihlalo ezinamavili ezincedisayo ezimiyo, njl.
Isitulo esinamavili esiqhelekileyo: ikakhulu yenziwe ngesakhelo sesihlalo sabakhubazekileyo, amavili, iibhuleki kunye nezinye izixhobo.
Ububanzi besicelo: abantu abakhubazekileyo kwimilenze esezantsi, i-hemiplegia, i-paraplegia engaphantsi kwesifuba kunye nabantu abadala abangakwaziyo ukuhamba kakuhle.
Iimbonakalo: izigulana zingakwazi ukusebenzisa iindawo zokubeka iingalo ezizinzileyo okanye ezisuswayo, iindawo zokubeka iinyawo ezizinzileyo okanye ezisuswayo zodwa, kwaye isixhobo sinokusongwa kwaye sigcinwe xa sithwalwa ngaphandle okanye singasetyenziswa.
Ngokwemodeli kunye nexabiso, inokwahlulwa ibe: isihlalo esiqinileyo, isihlalo esithambileyo, itayara ephefumlayo okanye itayara eqinileyo.
Isitulo esinamavili esikhethekileyo: Inemisebenzi epheleleyo. Ayisiyondlela yokuthutha abantu abakhubazekileyo nabantu abangakwaziyo ukuhambahamba kuphela, kodwa ikwanayo neminye imisebenzi.
Ukukhetha isitulo esinamavili
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezitulo ezinamavili. Ezona zixhaphakileyo zizitulo ezinamavili eziqhelekileyo, izitulo ezinamavili ezikhethekileyo, izihlalo ezinamavili zombane, izitulo ezinamavili zemisebenzi ekhethekileyo (yezemidlalo), kunye nezikuta zokuhamba.
Isitulo esinamavili esiqhelekileyo: Isitulo esinamavili esiqhelekileyo simile okwesitulo, sinamavili amane. Ivili elingasemva likhulu, linevili lesandla, iibhuleki zongezwa kwivili elingasemva, kwaye ivili elingaphambili lincinci, elisetyenziselwa ukuqondisa. Ivili elichasene ne-tipper longezwa ngasemva kwesitulo esinamavili.
Ngokubanzi, isitulo esinamavili silula kwaye sinokugotywa.
Ifanelekile kubantu abaneengxaki eziqhelekileyo okanye iingxaki zokuhamba kwexesha elifutshane, kwaye ayifanelekanga ukuhlala ixesha elide.
Isitulo esinamavili esikhethekileyo: Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yesigulana, kukho izinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezincedisayo, ezinje ngomthamo womthwalo ophuculweyo, umqamelo okanye indawo yokubeka imilenze ekhethekileyo, iinkqubo zokuxhasa intamo, imilenze ehlengahlengiswayo, iitafile zokutyela ezisuswayo, njl.njl.
Isitulo esinamavili sombane: Isitulo esinamavili esinenjini yombane.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela yokulawula, abanye basebenzisa i-joystick, ngelixa abanye basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokutshintsha ezifana nentloko okanye inkqubo yokuphefumla.
Kwabo bakhubazekile kakhulu okanye abafuna ukuhamba umgama omde, ukusebenzisa isitulo esinamavili esisebenza ngombane lukhetho olufanelekileyo logama nje amandla abo okuqonda elungile, kodwa kufuna indawo enkulu yokuhamba.
Isitulo esinamavili esinjongo ikhethekileyo (ezemidlalo): Isitulo esinamavili esenzelwe ngokukodwa esisetyenziselwa imidlalo yokuzonwabisa okanye imincintiswano.
Eziqhelekileyo yimidyarho okanye ibasketball, kwaye umdaniso nawo uqhelekile kakhulu.
Ngokubanzi, ukukhaphukhaphu nokuqina zezona mpawu, kwaye kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezininzi zobugcisa obuphezulu.
Isithuthi sokuhamba: Udidi olubanzi lwezihlalo ezinamavili, ezisetyenziswa ngabantu abadala abaninzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo zahlulwe zibe zizithuthi ezinamavili amathathu nezinamavili amane, eziqhutywa yimoto yombane, ezinomda wesantya se-15km/h, kwaye zilinganiswe ngokomthamo womthwalo.
Ukugcinwa kwezitulo ezinamavili
- Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa isitulo esinamavili kwaye kungadlulanga inyanga, jonga ukuba iibholithi zikhululekile na. Ukuba zikhululekile, ziqinise ngexesha. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo, kufuneka uhlolwe rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintathu ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iindawo zikwimeko entle. Jonga iintlobo ngeentlobo zeenati eziqinileyo kwisihlalo esinamavili (ingakumbi iinati zokulungisa ze-axle yevili langasemva). Ukuba kukho naluphi na uxinano olufunyenweyo, lungisa kwaye uziqinise ngexesha.
- Ukuba isitulo esinamavili sichatshazelwa yimvula ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kufuneka sisulwe some ngexesha. Isitulo esinamavili esisetyenziswa ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka sisulwe rhoqo ngelaphu elithambileyo nelomileyo size sigqunywe ngewax yokulwa nomhlwa ukuze sigcine isitulo esinamavili sikhazimla kwaye sibukeka ixesha elide.
- Jonga intshukumo kunye nokuguquguquka kwendlela ejikelezayo rhoqo kwaye ufake i-lubricant. Ukuba i-axle yevili le-24-intshi kufuneka isuswe ngesizathu esithile, qiniseka ukuba i-nut iqinile kwaye ayizukukhululeka xa uyifaka kwakhona.
- Iibholithi ezidibanisayo zesakhelo sesihlalo sabakhubazekileyo zizinto ezidityanisiweyo ezikhululekileyo kwaye akufuneki ziqiniswe.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-19-2025