Izitulo ezinamavili zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo kunyango lokubuyisela impilo, zinika amandla abantu abanengxaki yokuhamba okanye ukuhamba ngokuzimeleyo. Zibonelela ngenkxaso ebonakalayo kubantu abaphola emva kokwenzakala, abaphila neemeko ezichaphazela imilenze yabo, okanye abo bahlengahlengisa ukuhamba okunciphileyo. Ngokubuyisela inkululeko yokuhamba, izitulo ezinamavili zinceda abasebenzisi ukuba bafumane ukuzimela kubomi bemihla ngemihla-nokuba kukuhambahamba emakhayeni abo, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yoluntu, okanye ukuqhubeka nohambo lwabo lokuchacha ngesidima.
Okokuqala, masithethe ngomonakalo oza kubangelwa sisihlalo esinamavili esingafanelekanga kumsebenzisi.
- Uxinzelelo lwengingqi olugqithisileyo
- Phuhlisa ukuma kakubi
- Ibangela i-scoliosis
- Ibangela ukudumba kwamalungu
(Zithini izitulo zabakhubazekileyo ezingafanelekanga: isihlalo sinzulu kakhulu, asiphezulu ngokwaneleyo, isihlalo sibanzi kakhulu, asiphezulu ngokwaneleyo)
Xa usebenzisa isitulo sabakhubazekileyo, iindawo ezinokubangela ukungakhululeki kakhulu kulapho umzimba wakho uphumla khona kwisihlalo nakwindawo yokuphumla-njengaphantsi kwamathambo esihlalo sakho, ngasemva kwamadolo, nangasemva ongasentla. Yiyo loo nto ukufaneleka kakuhle kubalulekile: isitulo sabakhubazekileyo esihambelana nomzimba wakho sinceda ukusasaza ubunzima ngokulinganayo, sithintele ukurhawuzelelwa lusu okanye izilonda ezibangelwa kukukhuhla okanye uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo. Cinga ngokuhlala kwisitulo esiqinileyo iiyure ezininzi-ukuba umphezulu awuxhasi imijikelo yakho yendalo, kuya kukhokelela kwiintlungu okanye nakwiindawo ezikrwada ngokuhamba kwexesha. Soloko ujonga la manqaku abalulekileyo xa ukhetha isitulo sabakhubazekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba sithwala umzimba wakho kakuhle.
Ungayikhetha njani isihlalo sabakhubazekileyo?
- Ububanzi besihlalo
Linganisa umgama phakathi kweempundu okanye amathanga xa uhleli phantsi, uze wongeze i-5cm, kukho umsantsa we-2.5cm kwicala ngalinye emva kokuhlala phantsi. Ukuba isihlalo sincinci kakhulu, kunzima ukungena nokuphuma kwisihlalo sabakhubazekileyo, kwaye iimpundu kunye nezicubu zethanga ziyacinezelwa; ukuba isihlalo sikhulu kakhulu, akulula ukuhlala phantsi ngokuthe chu, akulula ukuqhuba isihlalo sabakhubazekileyo, amalungu angasentla ayadinwa lula, kwaye kunzima nokungena nokuphuma emnyango.
- Ubude besihlalo
Linganisa umgama othe tyaba ukusuka kwiimpundu ukuya kwi-calf gastrocnemius xa uhleli, kwaye uthabathe i-6.5cm kwisiphumo esilinganisiweyo. Ukuba isihlalo sifutshane kakhulu, ubunzima bomzimba buya kuwela kakhulu kwi-ischium, nto leyo enokubangela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kwindawo yasekuhlaleni. Ukuba isihlalo side kakhulu, siya kucinezela indawo ye-poplitral, sichaphazele ukujikeleza kwegazi kwindawo yasekuhlaleni kwaye silume lula ulusu kuloo ndawo. Kwizigulana ezineethanga ezimfutshane okanye ii-contractures ezibanzi zamadolo, kungcono ukusebenzisa isihlalo esifutshane.
- Ukuphakama kwesihlalo
Xa ulungisa izihlalo zabakhubazekileyo, qala ngokulinganisa ukusuka kwisithende sakho (okanye isithende sezihlangu) ukuya kwigophe lendalo elingaphantsi kweenqatha zakho ngelixa uhleli, uze wongeze i-4cm kolu linganiselo njengokuphakama kwesiseko. Qinisekisa ukuba ipleyiti yokubeka iinyawo ihlala ubuncinane i-5cm ngaphezu komhlaba. Ukufumana ukuphakama kwesihlalo okufanelekileyo kubalulekile - ukuba iphezulu kakhulu, isitulo sabakhubazekileyo asiyi kungena phantsi kweetafile kakuhle, kwaye ukuba iphantsi kakhulu, iinqatha zakho ziya kuthwala ubunzima obukhulu, obunokubangela ukungakhululeki ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- Umqamelo wesihlalo
Ukuze ihlale ikhululekile kwaye ithintele izilonda zoxinzelelo, isihlalo kufuneka sibe nomqamelo. Irabha yefoam (ubude obuyi-5-10cm) okanye ii-gel pads zingasetyenziswa. Ukuthintela isihlalo ukuba singatshoni, iqhekeza leplywood elinobukhulu obuyi-0.6cm lingabekwa phantsi komqamelo wesihlalo.
- Ukuphakama kwe-backrest
Okukhona i-backrest iphezulu, kokukhona izinze ngakumbi, kwaye okukhona i-backrest isezantsi, kokukhona i-long run yomzimba ophezulu kunye nemilenze ephezulu ikhula. Oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-low backrest kukulinganisa umgama ukusuka kwisihlalo ukuya ekhwapheni (ingalo enye okanye zombini ezoluliweyo phambili), kwaye uthabathe i-10cm kule resut. I-high backrest: linganisa ukuphakama kokwenyani ukusuka kwisihlalo ukuya egxalabeni okanye ngasemva kwentloko.
- Ukuphakama kwengalo
Xa uhleli, gcina iingalo zakho eziphezulu zithe nkqo kwaye iingalo zakho zithe tyaba kwiindawo zokubeka iingalo. Linganisa ubude ukusuka kwisihlalo ukuya kumda ongezantsi weengalo zakho uze wongeze i-2.5cm. Ukuphakama okufanelekileyo kwengalo kunceda ukugcina ukuma komzimba okufanelekileyo kunye nokulinganisela, kwaye kuvumela amalungu angaphezulu ukuba abekwe kwindawo ekhululekileyo. Ukuba iindawo zokubeka iingalo ziphezulu kakhulu, iingalo eziphezulu ziyanyanzeleka ukuba ziphakame, nto leyo enokubangela ukudinwa ngokulula. Ukuba iindawo zokubeka iingalo ziphantsi kakhulu, umzimba ophezulu kufuneka ugobe phambili ukuze ugcine ibhalansi, into engenakukhokelela ekudinweni kuphela, kodwa ikwachaphazela nokuphefumla.
- Ezinye izixhobo zesitulo esinamavili
Yenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezikhethekileyo zezigulane, ezinje ngokwandisa umphezulu wokungqubana kwesiphatho, ukwandisa ibhuleki, isixhobo sokulwa nokungcangcazela, isixhobo sokungatyibiliki, indawo yokubeka ingalo efakwe kwindawo yokubeka ingalo, kunye netafile yabakhubazekileyo ukuze izigulane zitye kwaye zibhale njalo njalo.
Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa usebenzisa isitulo esinamavili
Ukutyhala isitulo esinamavili kwindawo ethe tyaba: Umntu omdala kufuneka ahlale ngokuqinileyo aze abambelele kwiipedali. Umnakekeli kufuneka eme emva kwesitulo esinamavili aze asityhale kancinci nangokuthe chu.
Ukutyhala isitulo esinamavili sinyuke intaba: Xa unyuka intaba, umzimba kufuneka ugobe phambili ukuze ungawi.
Ukuqengqa isitulo esinamavili ezantsi: Ukuqengqa isitulo esinamavili ezantsi ezantsi, buyela umva kancinci, uze usivumele isitulo esinamavili sehle kancinci. Yolula intloko namagxa uze ugobe umva, uze ucele abantu abadala ukuba babambe izibambo zesandla ngokuqinileyo.
Ukunyuka izitebhisi: Nceda ucele abantu abadala ukuba bangqiyame ngasemva kwesitulo baze babambe ii-handrails ngezandla zombini, kwaye ungakhathazeki.
Cinezela ipedali yeenyawo ukuze uphakamise ivili langaphambili (sebenzisa amavili amabini angasemva njengee-fulcrums ukuhambisa ivili langaphambili kakuhle kwizinyuko) uze ulibeke ngobunono kwizinyuko. Phakamisa ivili langasemva emva kokuba ivili langasemva likufutshane nezinyuko. Xa uphakamisa ivili langasemva, sondela kwisitulo esinamavili ukuze wehlise umbindi womxhuzulane.
Cinezela isitulo esinamavili ngasemva xa usehla izitebhisi: Jika isitulo esinamavili ngasemva xa usehla izitebhisi, uze usivumele isitulo esinamavili sehle kancinci. Yolula intloko namagxa uze ugobe umva, uze ucele abantu abadala ukuba babambe izibambo ngokuqinileyo. Gcina umzimba wakho ukufutshane nesitulo esinamavili ukuze wehlise umbindi womxhuzulane.
Ukutyhala isitulo esinamavili singene siphume kwilifti: Abantu abadala kunye nomnakekeli kufuneka bajonge kude necala abaya kulo, umnakekeli engaphambili kunye nesitulo esinamavili singasemva. Emva kokungena kwilifti, iibhuleki maziqiniswe ngexesha. Xa bedlula kwiindawo ezingalinganiyo bengena bephuma kwilifti, abantu abadala kufuneka baziswe kwangaphambili. Ngena uphume kancinci kancinci.
Ukuhanjiswa kwesitulo sabakhubazekileyo
Ukuthatha umzekelo wokudluliselwa ngokuthe nkqo kwezigulane ezine-hemiplegic
Ifanelekile nakwesiphi na isigulana esine-hemiplegia kwaye esinokuhlala simile kakuhle ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwesikhundla.
- Ukuhambisa isitulo esinamavili ecaleni kwebhedi
Ibhedi mayibe kufutshane nokuphakama kwesihlalo sabakhubazekileyo, ibe nengalo emfutshane entloko yebhedi. Isihlalo sabakhubazekileyo masibe neebhuleki kunye nendawo yokubeka iinyawo enokukhutshelwa ngaphandle. Isihlalo sabakhubazekileyo masibekwe ecaleni kweenyawo zesigulana. Isihlalo sabakhubazekileyo masibe ngama-20-30 (30-45) degrees ukusuka enyaweni yebhedi.
Isigulana sihlala ecaleni kwebhedi, sitshixe iibhuleki zesitulo esinamavili, sigobe phambili, size sisebenzise ilungu eliphilileyo ukunceda ukushenxa ecaleni. Goba ilungu eliphilileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwiidigri ezingama-90, kwaye uhambise unyawo olusempilweni kancinci emva konyawo oluchaphazelekileyo ukuze kube lula ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo kwiinyawo zombini. Bamba isihlalo sebhedi, uhambise umboko wesigulane phambili, sebenzisa ingalo yakhe esempilweni ukutyhala phambili, udlulisele uninzi lobunzima bomzimba kwithole eliphilileyo, kwaye ufikelele kwindawo yokuma. Isigulana sihambisa izandla zaso phakathi kwesihlalo esikude sesitulo esinamavili kwaye sishukumise iinyawo zaso ukuze sizilungiselele ukuhlala phantsi. Emva kokuba isigulana sihleli kwisitulo esinamavili, lungisa imilenze yaso kwaye ukhulule ibhuleki. Susa isitulo esinamavili ngasemva nakude nebhedi. Ekugqibeleni, isigulana sihambisa i-foot pedal sibuyele kwindawo yaso yokuqala, siphakamise umlenze ochaphazelekileyo ngesandla esiphilileyo, kwaye sibeke unyawo kwi-foot pedal.
- Ukudluliselwa kwesitulo esinamavili ukusuka ebhedini ukuya kwisitulo esinamavili
Beka isitulo esinamavili ngasentloko yebhedi, icala eliphilileyo livaliwe kwaye ibhuleki ivuliwe. Phakamisa umlenze ochaphazelekileyo ngesandla esiphilileyo, hambisa ipedali yonyawo ecaleni, thambekisa isiqu phambili uze utyhale ezantsi, uze uhambise ubuso ngaphambili kwesitulo esinamavili de iinyawo zombini zixhomeke, unyawo oluphilileyo lube ngasemva kancinci konyawo oluchaphazelekileyo. Bamba isitulo esinamavili esinamavili, hambisa umzimba wakho phambili, kwaye usebenzise icala lakho eliphilileyo ukuxhasa ubunzima bakho phezulu nasezantsi ukuze ume. Emva kokuma, hambisa izandla zakho kwiindawo zokulala zebhedi, jika umzimba wakho kancinci ukuze uzibeke ulungele ukuhlala ebhedini, uze uhlale ebhedini.
- Ukufudusela isitulo esinamavili kwindlu yangasese
Beka isitulo esinamavili kwi-engile, icala lesigulana eliphilileyo lisondele kwindlu yangasese, faka ibhuleki, uphakamise unyawo kwindawo yokubeka iinyawo, uze uhambise indawo yokubeka iinyawo ecaleni. Cinezela indawo yokubeka izandla yesitulo esinamavili ngesandla esiphilileyo uze uthobe umboko phambili. Qhubeka phambili kwisitulo esinamavili. Sukuma kwisihlalo esinamavili ubambe umlenze ongachaphazelekanga ukuze uxhase uninzi lobunzima bakho. Emva kokuma, jika iinyawo zakho. Yima phambi kwendlu yangasese. Isigulana sikhulula ibhulukhwe yaso size sihlale kwindlu yangasese. Le nkqubo ingasentla inokuguqulwa xa utshintsha ukusuka kwindlu yangasese ukuya kwisihlalo esinamavili.
Ukongeza, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezitulo ezinamavili ezithengiswayo. Ngokwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, zingahlulwa zibe yi-aluminium alloy, izinto ezikhanyayo kunye nentsimbi. Ngokweentlobo, zingahlulwa zibe zizitulo ezinamavili eziqhelekileyo kunye nezitulo ezinamavili ezikhethekileyo. Izitulo ezinamavili ezikhethekileyo zingahlulwa zibe: uthotho lwamavili ezemidlalo zokuzilibazisa, uthotho lwamavili e-elektroniki, uthotho lwamavili endlu yangasese, uthotho lwamavili oluncedisayo lokuma, njl.njl.
- Isitulo esinamavili esiqhelekileyo
Ikakhulu yenziwe ngefreyimu yesitulo esinamavili, amavili, iibhuleki kunye nezinye izixhobo.
Ububanzi bokusetyenziswa: abantu abakhubazekileyo kwimilenze esezantsi, i-hemiplegia, i-paraplegia engaphantsi kwesifuba kunye nabantu abadala abangakwaziyo ukuhamba kakuhle.
Iimbonakalo:
- Izigulana zingakwazi ukusebenzisa iingalo ezizinzileyo okanye ezisuswayo ngokwazo
- Iindawo zokubeka iinyawo ezizinzileyo okanye ezisuswayo
- Ingasongwa xa isenziwa okanye ingasetyenziswa
- Isitulo esinamavili esihlala phantsi esiphakamileyo
Ububanzi besicelo: abantu abakhubazekileyo kakhulu kunye nabantu abadala nababuthathaka
Iimbonakalo:
- Umqolo wesitulo esinamavili esihlala phantsi uphakame ulingana nentloko yomkhweli, uneendawo zokubeka iingalo ezisuswayo kunye neendawo zokubeka iinyawo ezijijekileyo. Iipedali zinokuphakanyiswa kwaye zehliswe, zijikeleziswe ngama-90 degrees, kwaye ibracket ephezulu inokulungiswa kwindawo ethe tye.
- Indawo yokubeka umqolo ingahlengahlengiswa ngamacandelo okanye ingahlengahlengiswa nakweyiphi na inqanaba (elilingana nebhedi) ukuze umsebenzisi akwazi ukuphumla kwisitulo esinamavili. Indawo yokubeka intloko nayo ingasuswa.
- Isitulo esinamavili sombane
Ububanzi bokusetyenziswa: Kubantu abane-paraplegia ephezulu okanye i-hemiplegia abakwaziyo ukulawula ngesandla esinye.
Izitulo ezinamavili zombane zisebenza ngeebhetri, zinomgama omalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-20 ngokutshaja kube kanye, zinolawulo lwesandla esinye, zinokuhamba phambili, zibuyele umva, zijike, kwaye zingasetyenziswa ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle. Zibiza kakhulu.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-08-2025