Izitulo ezinamavili zizixhobo eziyimfuneko kunyango lokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili, ukuxhobisa abantu abanobunzima bokuhamba okanye ukuhamba ngokuzimeleyo. Banikezela ngenkxaso ebonakalayo kubantu abaphulukene nokulimala, abahlala neemeko ezichaphazela imilenze yabo, okanye abo bahlengahlengisa ukuhamba okuncitshisiweyo. Ngokubuyisela inkululeko yokuhamba-hamba, izitulo ezinamavili zinceda abasebenzisi ukuba baphinde bakhululeke kubomi bemihla ngemihla-nokuba bajikeleza amakhaya abo, bathatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yasekuhlaleni, okanye baqhubeleka nohambo lwabo lokubuyisela ngesidima.
Okokuqala, makhe sithethe ngomonakalo oya kubangelwa sisitulo esinamavili esingafanelekanga kumsebenzisi
- Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lwendawo
- Khulisa isimo esibi
- Ibangela i-scoliosis
- Ibangela umanyano lwekhontrakthi
(Zeziphi izitulo ezinamavili ezingafanelekanga: isitulo asinzulu kakhulu, asiphakami ngokwaneleyo, isitulo sibanzi kakhulu, asiphakami ngokwaneleyo)
Xa usebenzisa isitulo esinamavili, ezona ndawo zithandwa kakhulu kukungakhululeki kulapho umzimba wakho uphumla ngokuchasene nesihlalo kunye ne-backrest-efana phantsi kwamathambo esihlalo sakho, emva kwamadolo, kunye nomqolo ongaphezulu. Yiloo nto ukufaneleka okufanelekileyo kubalulekile: isitulo esinamavili esihambelana nokumila komzimba wakho sinceda ekusasazeni ubunzima ngokulinganayo, sithintela ukukrala kolusu okanye izilonda ezibangelwa kukuhlikihlwa rhoqo okanye uxinzelelo. Yicinge njengokuhlala kwisitulo esinzima iiyure-ukuba umphezulu awuxhasi iigophe zakho zendalo, kuya kukhokelela kwiintlungu okanye amabala akrwada ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ngalo lonke ixesha ujonge ezi ndawo zibalulekileyo zoqhagamshelwano xa ukhetha isitulo esinamavili ukuqinisekisa ukuba siwubamba kakuhle umzimba wakho.
Indlela yokukhetha isitulo esinamavili?
- Ububanzi besihlalo
Ukulinganisa umgama phakathi kweempundu okanye amathanga xa uhleli phantsi, kwaye wongeze i-5cm, kukho isithuba se-2.5cm kwicala ngalinye emva kokuhlala phantsi. Ukuba isihlalo sincinci kakhulu, kunzima ukungena kunye nokuphuma kwi-wheelchair, kwaye i-buttocks kunye nezicubu zamathanga zixinzelelwe; ukuba isihlalo sibanzi kakhulu, akulula ukuhlala ngokuthe ngcembe, akulula ukusebenzisa isitulo esinamavili, amalungu aphezulu adinwa lula, kwaye kunzima nokungena nokuphuma emnyango.
- Ubude besihlalo
Ukulinganisa umgama othe tye ukusuka kwiimpundu ukuya kwithole le-gastrocnemius xa uhleli, kwaye uthabathe i-6.5cm kwisiphumo esilinganisiweyo. Ukuba isihlalo sifutshane kakhulu, ubunzima bomzimba buya kuwela kakhulu kwi-ischium, enokubangela uxinzelelo olugqithiseleyo kwindawo yendawo. Ukuba isihlalo side kakhulu, siya kucinezela indawo ye-poplitral, echaphazela ukujikeleza kwegazi lendawo kunye nokucasula lula ulusu kuloo ndawo. Kwizigulane ezinamathanga amafutshane kakhulu okanye iikhontrakthi zokuguqa kwedolo elibanzi, kungcono ukusebenzisa isitulo esifutshane.
- Ubude besihlalo
Xa ulungelelanisa indawo yokuhlala yesitulo esinamavili, qala ngokulinganisa ukusuka kwisithende sakho (okanye isithende sesihlangu) ukuya kwigophe lendalo phantsi kwesinqe sakho ngelixa uhleli, uze wongeze i-4cm kulo mlinganiso njengobude besiseko. Qinisekisa ukuba ipleyiti yeenyawo ihlala ubuncinane yi-5cm ukusuka emhlabeni. Ukufumana umphakamo wesihlalo esifanelekileyo ngundoqo-ukuba siphakame kakhulu, isitulo esinamavili asiyi kungena kakuhle phantsi kweetafile, kwaye ukuba siphantsi kakhulu, isinqe sakho siya kuthwala ubunzima obuninzi, obunokubangela ukuphazamiseka ekuhambeni kwexesha.
- Isitulo umqamelo
Ukuthuthuzela kunye nokuthintela izilonda zoxinzelelo, isihlalo kufuneka sihlanjululwe. Irabha yogwebu (5-10cm ubukhulu) okanye iipads zejeli zingasetyenziswa. Ukuthintela isihlalo ukuba singaziki, iqhekeza leplywood eliyi-0.6cm elishinyeneyo linokubekwa phantsi komqamelo wesihlalo.
- Ukuphakama komqolo
Ukuphakama kwe-backrest, kuzinzile ngakumbi, kwaye i-backrest iphantsi, inkulu uluhlu lwentshukumo yomzimba ophezulu kunye nemilenze ephezulu. I-backrest ebizwa ngokuba yi-low backrest kukulinganisa umgama ukusuka esihlalweni ukuya kwi-armpit (enye okanye zombini ingalo yolulelwe phambili), kwaye uthabathe i-10cm kule phindela. I-backrest ephezulu: ukulinganisa ubude bokwenene ukusuka esihlalweni ukuya ehlombe okanye ngasemva kwentloko.
- Ukuphakama kweArmrest
Xa uhleli, gcina iingalo zakho eziphezulu zithe nkqo kwaye iingalo zangaphambili zithe tyaba kwiindawo zokubeka iingalo. Linganisa ubude ukusuka esihlalweni ukuya kumda osezantsi weengalo zakho kwaye wongeze i-2.5cm. Ukuphakama okufanelekileyo kwe-armrest kunceda ukugcina isimo esichanekileyo somzimba kunye nokulinganisela, kwaye kuvumela amalungu aphezulu ukuba abekwe kwindawo ekhululekile. Ukuba i-armrests iphezulu kakhulu, iingalo eziphezulu zinyanzeliswa ukuba ziphakame, ezinokuthi zikhokelela ngokulula ukukhathala. Ukuba i-armrests iphantsi kakhulu, umzimba ophezulu kufuneka ugobe phambili ukuze ugcine ibhalansi, enokuthi iholele nje ukukhathala, kodwa ichaphazela ukuphefumla.
- Ezinye izincedisi zesitulo esinamavili
Yenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezikhethekileyo zezigulane, ezifana nokunyusa i-friction surface yesibambo, ukwandisa i-brake, i-anti-vibration device, i-anti-slip device, i-armrest efakwe kwi-armrest, kunye netafile yesitulo esinamavili ukuze izigulane zidle kwaye zibhale njl.
Izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa usebenzisa isitulo esinamavili
Ukutyhala isitulo esinamavili kwindawo ethe tyaba: Umntu owalupheleyo ufanele ahlale ngokuqinileyo aze abambelele kwiipedali. Umkhathaleli kufuneka eme emva kwesitulo esinamavili aze asityhale ngokucothayo nangokuzolileyo.
Ukutyhala isitulo esinamavili sinyuka: Xa unyuka, umzimba kufuneka ujongwe ngaphambili ukuthintela ukuqengqeleka.
Ukuqengqeleka isitulo esinamavili ukuhla: Jikela isitulo esinamavili ezantsi ezantsi, thatha unyawo umva, kwaye uyekele isitulo esinamavili kancinci. Yolula intloko namagxa uze ungqiyame ngasemva, uze ucele abantu abadala ukuba babambe iintambo ngesandla ngokuqinileyo.
Ukunyuka izinyuko: Nceda ucele abantu abadala ukuba bancike ngasemva kwesitulo kwaye babambe ii-handreils ngezandla zozibini, kwaye ungakhathazeki.
Cinezela i-pedal yonyawo ukuphakamisa ivili langaphambili (sebenzisa amavili amabini angasemva njenge-fulcrum ukuhambisa ivili langaphambili kakuhle kwizinyuko) kwaye ulibeke ngobunono kwizinyuko. Phakamisa ivili langasemva emva kokuba ivili elingasemva lisondele kwizitepsi. Xa uphakamisa ivili elingasemva, sondela kwisitulo esinamavili ukuthoba iziko lomxhuzulane.
Tyhila isitulo esinamavili ngasemva xa usihla ngezinyuko: Jika isitulo esinamavili ngasemva xa usihla ngezinyuko, kwaye uyekele isitulo esiqhutywayo ukuba sehle kancinci. Yolula intloko namagxa uze ungqiyame ngasemva, uze ucele abantu abadala ukuba babambe iintambo ngesandla ngokuqinileyo. Gcina umzimba wakho kufutshane nesitulo esinamavili ukuthoba iziko lakho lomxhuzulane.
Ukutyhala isitulo esinamavili ukungena nokuphuma kwilifti: Umntu osele ekhulile kunye nomkhathaleli bafanele bajonge kude necala ekuhanjwa kulo, umkhathaleli yena abe ngaphambili aze abe nesitulo esinamavili ngasemva. Emva kokungena kwi-elevator, iibhuleki kufuneka ziqiniswe ngexesha. Xa udlula kwiindawo ezingalinganiyo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwilifti, abalupheleyo bafanele baziswe kwangaphambili. Ngena uphume kancinci.
Ukuhanjiswa kwesitulo esinamavili
Ukuthatha ukutshintshwa ngokuthe nkqo kwezigulane ze-hemiplegic njengomzekelo
Ifanelekile nasiphi na isigulane esine-hemiplegia kwaye ngubani onokugcina ukuma okuzinzile ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwesikhundla.
- Ukudluliselwa kwesitulo esinamavili ecaleni kwebhedi
Ibhedi kufuneka isondele kumphakamo wesitulo esinamavili, ibe nendawo yokumisa ingalo emfutshane ibe yintloko yebhedi. Isitulo esinamavili kufuneka sibeneziqhoboshi kunye nendawo yokuphumla enokushenxiswa. Isitulo esinamavili kufuneka sibekwe kwicala lonyawo lwesigulana. Isitulo esinamavili kufuneka sibe ngama 20-30(30-45) degrees ukusuka ezinyaweni zebhedi.
Isigulana sihlala ecaleni kwebhedi, sitshixa iziqhoboshi zesitulo esinamavili, singqiyame phambili, size sisebenzise ilungu elisempilweni ukunceda ukuya ecaleni. Goba ilungu elinempilo ukuya kwii-degrees ezingaphezu kwama-90, kwaye uhambise unyawo oluphilileyo kancinane emva konyawo oluchaphazelekayo ukuququzelela ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo kwiinyawo zombini. Bamba indawo yokumisa ingalo yebhedi, yisa umboko wesigulana phambili, sebenzisa ingalo yaso esempilweni ukutyhalela phambili, udlulisele ubukhulu bobunzima bomzimba kwithole elisempilweni, uze ufikelele kwindawo yokuma. Isigulana sihambisa izandla zaso kumbindi wendawo yokuphumla yengalo yesitulo esinamavili kwaye sishukumise iinyawo zaso ukuze sizilungiselele ukuhlala phantsi. Emva kokuba isigulana sihleli kwisitulo esinamavili, hlengahlengisa indlela esiziva ngayo kwaye uyeke isiqhoboshi. Shenxisa isitulo esinamavili umva kwaye kude nebhedi. Ekugqibeleni, isigulane sihambisa i-pedal yonyawo kwindawo yayo yokuqala, iphakamisa umlenze ochaphazelekayo ngesandla esiphilileyo, kwaye ibeke unyawo kwi-pedal yeenyawo.
- Isitulo esinamavili ukuya ebhedini
Misa isitulo esinamavili ngasentloko yebhedi, icala elisempilweni livale kunye nebhuleki. Phakamisa umlenze ochaphazelekayo ngesandla esiphilileyo, hambisa i-pedali yonyawo ecaleni, ungqiyame i-trunk phambili kwaye utyhale ezantsi, kwaye uhambise ubuso ngaphambi kwesitulo esinamavili de iinyawo zombini zijinga phantsi, kunye nonyawo oluphilileyo emva konyawo oluchaphazelekayo. Bamba indawo yokumisa isitulo esinamavili, yisa umzimba wakho phambili, kwaye usebenzise icala lakho elisempilweni ukuxhasa ubunzima bakho phezulu nasezantsi ukuze ume. Emva kokuma, hambisa izandla zakho kwindawo yokulala, ujike umzimba wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuze ulungele ukuhlala ebhedini, uze uhlale ebhedini.
- Ukuhambisa isitulo esinamavili ukuya kwindlu yangasese
Beka isitulo esinamavili kwi-engile, kunye necala eliphilileyo lesigulana kufutshane nendlu yangasese, sebenzisa i-brake, phakamisa unyawo ukusuka kwindawo yeenyawo, kwaye uhambise i-footrest ecaleni. Cinezela i-armrest yesitulo esinamavili ngesandla esiphilileyo kwaye ungqiyame umboko phambili. Hamba phambili ngesitulo esinamavili. Phakama kwisitulo esinamavili umangalele umlenze ongachaphazelekanga ukuxhasa ubunzima bakho obuninzi. Emva kokuma, jika iinyawo zakho. Yima phambi kwendlu yangasese. Isigulana sikhulula ibhulukhwe kwaye sihlale kwindlu yangasese. Le nkqubo ingentla ingatshintshwa xa usuka kwindlu yangasese ukuya kwisitulo esinamavili.
Ukongeza, zininzi iintlobo zezitulo ezinamavili kwimarike. Ngokwezinto eziphathekayo, zinokwahlulwa zibe yi-aluminium alloy, izinto ezilula kunye nentsimbi. Ngokohlobo, zinokwahlulwa zibe zizitulo ezinamavili eziqhelekileyo kunye nezitulo ezikhethekileyo. Izitulo ezinamavili ezikhethekileyo zinokwahlulwa zibe: uthotho lwezitulo zamavili ezemidlalo, uthotho lwesitulo esinamavili sombane, uthotho lwesitulo esinamavili sendlu yangasese, uthotho lwesitulo esinamavili soncedo, njl.
- Isitulo esinamavili esiqhelekileyo
Ubukhulu becala yenziwe ngefreyim yesitulo esinamavili, amavili, iziqhoboshi kunye nezinye izixhobo.
Ubungakanani besicelo: abantu abanokukhubazeka kwemilenze ephantsi, i-hemiplegia, i-paraplegia engaphantsi kwesifuba kunye nabantu abadala abanokuhamba okulinganiselwe.
Iimbonakalo:
- Izigulane zinokusebenzisa iindawo zokumisa iingalo ezisisigxina okanye ezisuswayo ngokwazo
- Unyawo oluzinzileyo okanye olususekayo
- Inokusongwa xa isenziwa okanye ingasetyenziswa
- Isitulo esinamavili sokulala esiphakamileyo
Ubungakanani besicelo: abantu abakhubazekileyo abaphezulu kunye nabantu abadala kunye nababuthathaka
Iimbonakalo:
- Umva wesitulo esinamavili esinemilenze uphakame njengentloko yomkhweli, uneendawo zokumisa iingalo ezishenxisekayo kunye neendawo zokutsixa ezijijekileyo. Iipedals zinokunyuswa kwaye zithotywe, zijikelezwe ngamadigri angama-90, kwaye i-bracket ephezulu inokulungiswa kwindawo ethe tye.
- I-backrest inokulungelelaniswa ngokwamacandelo okanye inokulungelelaniswa kulo naliphi na inqanaba (elilingana nebhedi) ukuze umsebenzisi akwazi ukuphumla kwisitulo esinamavili. I-headrest nayo inokususwa.
- Isitulo esinamavili sombane
Ububanzi besicelo: Kubantu abane-paraplegia ephezulu okanye i-hemiplegia abanakho ukulawula ngesandla esinye.
Izitulo eziqhutywayo zombane zisebenza ngeebhetri, ezinoluhlu olumalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-20 ngentlawulo enye, zinolawulo lwesandla esinye, zinokubheka phambili, umva, ukujika, kwaye zinokusetyenziswa ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle. Ziyabiza kakhulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-08-2025