Impembelelo yokutshintsha amaxesha onyaka emzimbeni
Ukuguquguquka kwamaqondo obushushu onyaka kuchaphazela kakhulu ukugxininiswa kwe-allergen kunye nempilo yokuphefumla. Njengoko amaqondo obushushu enyuka ngamaxesha otshintsho, izityalo zingena kwimijikelo yokuzala ekhawulezileyo, ekhokelela ekwandeni kwemveliso yepollen – ngakumbi ukusuka kwibirch, ragweed, kunye neentlobo zengca. Ngaxeshanye, iimeko ezishushu zidala iindawo zokuhlala ezifanelekileyo zothuli (iintlobo ze-Dermatophagoides), apho abemi bazo baphila kakuhle kumanqanaba okufuma angaphezu kwama-50% kunye namaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwama-20-25°C. Ezi nxalenye zebhayoloji, xa zirholiwe, zibangela i-immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated hypersensitivity reactions kubantu abachazwe kwangaphambili, ebonakala njenge-rhinitis ye-allergic ephawulwa kukuxinana kweempumlo, irhinorrhea, kunye nokuthimla, okanye ukunyanzeliswa okukhulu kwe-bronchial okubonwa kukuqina kwesifuba.
Ngapha koko, imiceli mngeni ye-thermoregulatory ekhawulezileyo ebangelwa kukutshintsha kobushushu obukhawulezayo kubangela uxinzelelo lomzimba kwi-epithelium yokuphefumula. I-mucosa yeempumlo, ngokuqhelekileyo igcinwe kwi-34-36 ° C, ifumana i-vasoconstriction ngexesha lokubanda kunye ne-vasodilation ngamaxesha afudumeleyo, ukuphazamisa iindlela zokucoca i-mucociliary. Olu xinzelelo lwe-thermal lunciphisa imveliso ye-secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40% ngokwezifundo zemozulu, yenze buthathaka kakhulu ukhuselo lwe-immunological lwephecana lokuqala. Isiphumo sesichengeni se-epithelial sidala iimeko ezifanelekileyo zentsholongwane yentsholongwane - iirhinoviruses zibonisa amazinga okuphindaphinda okuphuculweyo kwiindawo ezipholileyo zempumlo (33-35 °C ngokuchasene nobushushu bomzimba), ngelixa iiviriyoni zomkhuhlane zigcina uzinzo olukhulu lokusingqongileyo kumoya obandayo onomfuma ophantsi. Ezi zinto zidityanisiweyo ziphakamisa imingcipheko yabemi bosulelo oluphezulu lokuphefumla malunga ne-30% ngexesha leenguqu, ngakumbi ezichaphazela abantwana kunye nabemi abakhulileyo abanokuqina okuncinci kwe-mucosal immune.
Ukuguquguquka kobushushu bexesha elithile kunokuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kwentliziyo ngokutshintsha ukuxinana kwemithambo yegazi kunye neepateni zokwenyuka, okukhokelela kumanqanaba oxinzelelo lwegazi olungazinzanga. Ngexesha lemozulu yenguqu, utshintsho olukhawulezayo kwiqondo lokushisa lokusingqongileyo lubangela uhlengahlengiso oluphindaphindiweyo kwithoni ye-vascular njengoko umzimba uzama ukugcina ukulingana kwe-thermal. Olu xinzelelo lomzimba luchaphazela ngokungafaniyo abantu abaneemeko esele zikho ngaphambili ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi (uxinzelelo lwegazi olungapheliyo) kunye nesifo se-coronary artery (ukungahambi kakuhle kwegazi kwisihlunu sentliziyo).
Ukungazinzi kwixinzelelo lwegazi kubeka uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo kwi-cardiovascular system, ukunyanzela intliziyo ukuba isebenze nzima ukujikeleza igazi ngokufanelekileyo. Kubantu abasesichengeni, le mfuno iphezulu inokongamela ukusebenza kwentliziyo esichengeni, iphakamisa kakhulu umngcipheko weengxaki ezibukhali zentliziyo. Oku kunokubandakanya i-angina pectoris (unikezelo lwe-oksijini oluncitshisiweyo olubangela intlungu yesifuba) kunye ne-myocardial infarction (ukuvalwa ngokupheleleyo kwegazi le-coronary ekhokelela kumonakalo wezicubu zentliziyo). Uphononongo lwezonyango lubonisa ukuba ukungazinzi kwe-hemodynamic okuqhutywa ngubushushu kunegalelo ekunyukeni kwe-20-30% yeemeko ezingxamisekileyo zentliziyo ngexesha lotshintsho lwexesha, ngakumbi phakathi kwezigulane ezisele zikhulile kunye nezo zineemeko ezingapheliyo ezilawulwa kakubi.
Utshintsho lwexesha lobushushu kunye nokufuma kunokuchaphazela okwethutyana umsebenzi wokuzikhusela komzimba. Njengoko i-immune system ifuna ixesha lokulungelelanisa ukutshintshwa kweemeko zokusingqongileyo, eli xesha lokulungelelanisa lidala ifestile yokuba sengozini. Ukuba kubonakaliswe kwiintsholongwane ezinjengeentsholongwane okanye iibhaktheriya ngeli xesha, ukhuseleko lomzimba lunokuba buthathaka, okonyusa amathuba osulelo olunjengomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, okanye izifo zokuphefumla. Abantu abadala abadala, abantwana abancinci, kunye nabo baneemeko zempilo ezinganyangekiyo bachaphazeleka ngakumbi ngexesha leenguqu zamaxesha onyaka ngenxa yeempendulo zabo zokhuselo lomzimba.
Ukuthintela kunye nokunyangwa kwezifo eziqhelekileyo ngexesha lokutshintsha kwexesha
Izifo zokuphefumla
1.Ukuqinisa amanyathelo okukhusela
Ngexesha lokugxilwa kwe-pollen ephezulu, zama ukunciphisa ukuphuma. Ukuba ufuna ukuphuma, nxiba izixhobo zokukhusela ezinjengeemaski kunye neeglasi ukunqanda ukudibana nezinto ezimelene nazo.
2.Gcina umoya ucocekile ekhayeni lakho
Vula iifestile zokungenisa umoya rhoqo, sebenzisa isicoci somoya ukuhluza izinto ezingadibaniyo emoyeni, kwaye ugcine umoya wangaphakathi ucocekile.
3.Ukwandisa ukhuseleko
Phucula ukhuseleko lomzimba wakho uze unciphise amathuba okuba nezifo zokuphefumla ngokutya ukutya okufanelekileyo, ukwenza umthambo ngobungcathu, nokulala ngokwaneleyo.
Isifo senhliziyo
1.Jonga uxinzelelo lwegazi
Ngexesha lokutshintsha kwexesha, jonga uxinzelelo lwegazi rhoqo ukuze uhlale unolwazi ngeenguqu kuxinzelelo lwegazi. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luguquguquka kakhulu, funa unyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye ulungelelanise umthamo wamachiza e-antihypertensive phantsi kolawulo lukagqirha.
2.Zigcine ushushu
Yongeza iimpahla ngexesha ngokweenguqu zemozulu ukuze ugweme ukuxinana kwemithambo yegazi ngenxa yokubanda kunye nokwandisa umthwalo entliziyweni.
3.Yitya ngokufanelekileyo
Ukulawula ityuwa kunye nokutya ukutya okuninzi okucebile kwi-potassium, i-calcium, i-magnesium kunye nezinye iiminerali, ezifana neebhanana, isipinashi, ubisi, njl., kunokunceda ukugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi oluzinzile.
Izifo zokwalana
1.Kuphephe ukudibana nezinto ezimelene nazo
Qonda izinto ongaziboniyo kwaye uzame ukuphepha ukunxibelelana. Umzekelo, ukuba awuhambisani ne-pollen, nciphisa ixesha elichithwa ngaphandle ngexesha le-pollen.
2.Ukuthintelwa kweziyobisi kunye nonyango
Phantsi kolwalathiso lukagqirha, sebenzisa amayeza achasene ne-aleji ngokufanelekileyo ukuphelisa iimpawu ezibangelwa kukwalana. Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezibi kakhulu, funa unyango kwangethuba.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-18-2025